media

Media and Information Literacy (MIL) - Media and Information Languages

1. 1. Media and Information Languages Prepared by : MARK JHON C. OXILLO
2. 2. Media Languages - are codes, conventions, formats, symbols and narrative structures that indicate the meaning of media messages to an audience
3. 3. CODES
4. 4. Codes - are systems of signs that when put together create meaning * Semiotics - study of signs
5. 5. Types of Codes:  SYMBOLIC CODES  WRITTEN CODES  TECHNICAL CODES
6. 6. SYMBOLIC CODES - show what is beneath the surface of what we see (objects, setting, body language, clothing, color, etc. ) or iconic symbols that are easily understood
7. 7. What does a Red Rose symbolizes? A red rose may convey Romance or Love.
8. 8. What does a Clenched Fist symbolizes? A clenched fist may convey Anger.
9. 9. What does the colors in a Traffic Light symbolize? Red – Stop Green - Go Yellow - Ready
10. 10. ACTIVITY
11. 11. Form 4 groups.
12. 12. What to do? On a 1 whole sheet of paper, Think of a company name and illustrate or draw its OWN symbol/sign/icon, make sure that it is not copied nor plagiarized from the Internet or other sources.
13. 13. What to do? You must also include an explanation of the symbol / logo used as well at its function, purpose or meaning.
14. 14. Start Now …
15. 15. Types of Codes:  SYMBOLIC CODES  WRITTEN CODES  TECHNICAL CODES
16. 16. WRITTEN CODES - use of language style and textual layout (headlines, captions, speech bubbles, language style, etc. )
17. 17. Headlines
18. 18. Captions
19. 19. Speech Bubbles
20. 20. Types of Codes:  SYMBOLIC CODES  WRITTEN CODES  TECHNICAL CODES
21. 21. TECHNICAL CODES - Are ways in which equipment is used to tell the story - This includes sound, camera angles, types of shots and lighting as well as camera techniques, framing, depth of field, lighting, exposure and juxtaposition.
22. 22. Camera Shots INSERT CAMERA SHOTS PHOTO HERE
23. 23. EXTREME LONG SHOT - Also called extreme wide shots such as a large crowd scene or a view of scenery as far as the horizon
24. 24. EXTREME LONG SHOT
25. 25. LONG SHOT - a view of a situation or setting from a distance
26. 26. LONG SHOT
27. 27. MEDIUM LONG SHOT - shows a group of people in interaction with each other, example: fight scene with part of their surroundings in the picture
28. 28. MEDIUM LONG SHOT FF5
29. 29. FULL SHOT - a view of a figure’s entire body in order to show action and/or a constellation group of characters
30. 30. FULL SHOT Maureen Wroblewitz
31. 31. MEDIUM CLOSE SHOT - shows a subject down to his/her chest/waist
32. 32. MEDIUM CLOSE SHOT Maureen Wroblewitz
33. 33. CLOSE UP SHOT - a full-screen shot of a subject’s face showing the finest nuances of expression
34. 34. CLOSE UP SHOT Pia Wurtzbach
35. 35. EXTREME CLOSE UP SHOT - a shot of a hand, eye, mouth, or any object in detail
36. 36. EXTREME CLOSE UP SHOT
37. 37. Camera Shots:  Extreme Long Shot  Long Shot  Medium Long Shot  Full Shot  Medium Close Shot  Close-up Shot  Extreme Close-up Shot
38. 38. Point of View
39. 39. Establishing Shot - often used at the beginning of a scene to indicate the location or setting, it is usually a long shot taken from a neutral position
40. 40. Establishing Shot What does this shot means ?
41. 41. Point-of-View Shot - Shows a scene from the perspective of a character or one person. Most newsreel footages are shown from the perspective of the newscaster.
42. 42. Point-of-View Shot
43. 43. Over-the-Shoulder Shot - Often used in dialogue scenes, a frontal view of a dialogue partner from the perspective of someone standing behind and slightly to the side of the other partner, so that parts of both can be seen
44. 44. Over-the-Shoulder Shot
45. 45. Reaction Shot - Short shot of a character’s response to an action
46. 46. Reaction Shot
47. 47. Insert Shot - A detail shot which quickly gives visual information necessary to understand the meaning of a scene
48. 48. Insert Shot
49. 49. Reverse-Angle Shot - a shot from the opposite perspective
50. 50. Reverse-Angle Shot
51. 51. Hand-held Camera Shot - The camera is not mounted on a tripod and instead is held by the cameraperson, resulting in less stable shots
52. 52. Hand-held Camera Shot
53. 53. Point of View:  Establishing Shot  Point-of-View Shot / POV Shot  Over-the-Shoulder Shot  Reaction Shot  Insert Shot  Reverse-Angle Shot  Hand-Held Camera shot
54. 54. Camera Angles
55. 55. Aerial Shot - Overhead Shot - Also called Bird’s Eye Shot - Long or extreme long shot of the ground from the air
56. 56. Aerial Shot
57. 57. High-Angle Shot - Shows people or objects from above higher than eye level
58. 58. High-Angle Shot
59. 59. Low-Angle Shot - Below Shot - Shows people or objects from below, lower than eye level
60. 60. Low-Angle Shot
61. 61. Eye-Level Shot - Straight-on Angle - Views a subject from the level of a person’s eye
62. 62. Eye-Level Shot
63. 63. Camera Angles  Aerial Shot  High-Angle Shot  Low-Angle Shot  Eye-Level Shot
64. 64. Camera Movements
65. 65. Pan Shot - The camera pans (moves horizontally) from left to right or vice versa across the picture
66. 66. Pan Shot
67. 67. Tilt Shot - The camera tilts up (moves upwards) or tilts down (moves downwards) around a vertical line
68. 68. Tilt Shot
69. 69. Tracking Shot - The camera follows along next to or behind a moving object or person
70. 70. Tracking Shot
71. 71. Zoom - The stationary camera approaches a subject by “zooming in” or moves farther away by “zooming out”.
72. 72. Zoom
73. 73. Zoom
74. 74. Camera Movements:  Pan Shot  Tilt Shot  Tracking Shot  Zoom
75. 75. CONVENTIONS
76. 76. CONVENTIONS - Refers to a standard or norm that acts as a rule governing behaviour - Are generally established and accepted ways of doing something
77. 77. MESSAGE - the information sent to a receiver from a source
78. 78. AUDIENCE - the group of consumers for whom the media message was constructed as well as anyone else who is exposed to the message
79. 79. PRODUCERS - People engaged in the process of creating and putting together media content to make a finished media product
80. 80. STAKEHOLDERS - Libraries, archives, museums, internet and other relevant information providers.
81. 81. END

Codes and Conventions Definition

In class I learnt about codes and conventions which I found very useful and informative. Below is some brief information about it which will be able to help me throughout the duration of this project.

Codes

Codes are systems of signs, which create meaning. These may include both technical codes or symbolic codes. An example of a code that creates meaning is gold chains and baggy pants in a Hip-Hop music video.

-  Technical Codes - This is all the ways in which equipment is used to tell the story in a media text (e.g. - camera work or editing).

-  Symbolic Codes - This shows what is beneath the surface of what we see. For example, a characters action can show you how they are feeling and their emotions.


Conventions

Conventions are the widely recognised way of doing something which is to do with content, form and style. There are two types of conventions which consists of:

- Technical Conventions - A convention in a technical area. These conventions, apply to the majority of music videos for e.g. the video being the same length as the song and fast cuts

- Genre Conventions - this is where conventions are associated with a particular genre. An example of this would be Pop videos, that ba e dance routines and bands performing songs with instruments.

Conventions of a music video:

-  The video is the same Length as the song (somewhere around 4 minutes)
- They present the band/artist, who look as though they are singing
- They have lots of fast editing

These conventions dont however, apply to all music videos.


Difference between Codes and Conventions

The difference between codes and conventions, is that codes might be individual to the media text you are analysing for example, a music video may use a tracjing shot that is significant however completely irrelevant in another video. Whereas, conventions are something they all share within a genre.